(1)常规三轴卸荷试验发现卸荷体缩是各向异性土体的固有特性,随着围压的增加,卸荷体缩量呈下降趋势;卸荷体缩与试验应力路径、边界条件有关,平面应变试验和真三轴试验的卸荷体缩不明显。
(3)真三轴卸荷不排水试验的应力–应变关系曲线随着固结压力的增加由应变硬化型转变为应变软化型,排水试验的应力–应变关系曲线在不同围压下均成应变硬化型。在相同围压下,排水极限强度高于不排水强度。
(4)真三轴仪能够对土样独立地施加三向不等的主应力,并测量 3 个主方向上的主应变,能更好地反映出土体在卸荷状态下的应力应变特性,但真三轴试验起步晚,试验研究少,仪器本身难以保证棱角处受力状态,难以完全消除边角效应等等。因此,这方面有待做进一步的研究。
(5)基坑开挖卸荷对土体应力应变关系的影响问题较为复杂,不同地区、不同类别的土体应力应变关系受卸荷影响的程度不同,因此,有必要对更多的土体的进行卸荷试验研究。
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